Founded as the Russian gate to the Orient, this strategic location seems already to have known two predecessors during the so called Middle Ages:
- Atil as last capital of Khazaria
- Hashtarkhan as capital of its Khanate
The Khazars immigrated Sarmatia from Khwarazm after the collapse of the split Turkic Khaganate, similar to the territory Ghengis Khan officially conquered. Ruled by a Diarchy, they extracted tribute from the trade routes through European Mesopotamia during the Pax Khazarica. Kievan Rus reacted against this policy, destroying their khanate: Did their elite secretly manage to flee to Etruria?
Officially mentioned for the first time in 1333 AD, Hashtarkhan got initially destroyed by Timur in 1395 & finally by Ivan in 1566. However, the history of the khanates along the Volga is poorly documented: Was the campaign of Sviatoslav duplicated in a terrible biography?
According to the New Chronology, after the seizure of power by the Romanov in European Russia, the city became part of Great Tartary, wherefrom Stepan Razin launched attacks to restore power over the lost territories: He wasn't succesful, one century later followed by a last, again unsuccesful, attempt by Yemelyan Pugachev ...
Operation Barbarossa aimed to reach the A-A-Axis, a year later the armed forces of Case Blue almost reached the Russian gate to the Orient: It was of uttermost importance to keep the Atil accessible, cause the Persian Corridor allowed allied supplies to reach its destiny ...
